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PhysioOsteoGram
@physioosteogram

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THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME (TOS) [PATHOPHYSIOLOGY & DIAGNOSIS] This video (Venogram) is amazing! It describes a patient with venous TOS: Provocative test shows right subclavian compression and compromised venous return. TOS is a term used to describe a group of disorders that occur when there is compression, injury or irritation of the nerves and/or blood vessels (arteries and veins) in the lower neck and upper chest area. TOS is named for the space (the thoracic outlet) between your lower neck and upper chest where this grouping of nerves and blood vessels is found. TOS affects people of all ages and gender. The condition is common among athletes who participate in sports that require repetitive motions of the arm and shoulder, such as baseball, swimming, volleyball, tennis and other sports. Types of TOS disorders and related symptoms ▪️Neurogenic TOS: This condition is related to abnormalities of bony and soft tissue in the lower neck region (which may include the cervical rib area) that compress and irritate the nerves of the brachial plexus, the complex of nerves that supply motor (movement) and sensory (feeling) function to the arm and hand. Symptoms include weakness or numbness of the hand; decreased size of hand muscles, which usually occurs on one side of the body; and/or pain, tingling, prickling, numbness and weakness of the neck, chest, and arms. ▪️Venous TOS: This condition is caused by damage to the major veins in the lower neck and upper chest. The condition develops suddenly, often after unusual and tiring exercise of the arms. Symptoms include swelling of the hands, fingers and arms, as well as heaviness and weakness of the neck and arms. The veins in the anterior (front) chest wall veins also may appear dilated (swollen). ▪️Arterial TOS: The least common, but most serious, type of TOS is caused by congenital (present at birth) bony abnormalities in the lower neck and upper chest. Symptoms include cold sensitivity in the hands and fingers; numbness, pain or sores of the fingers; and poor blood circulation to the arms, hands and fingers. #ThoracicOutletSyndrome #TOS #ShoulderPain #ArmPain #HandPain #BackPain #NeckPain